Event horizon, accretion disk & gravitational lensing
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The event horizon (Schwarzschild radius Rs = 2GM/c²) is the point of no return. The photon sphere (1.5 Rs) is where light orbits. An accretion disk of superheated matter spirals inward, glowing in X-rays. Gravitational lensing bends light from behind. Spaghettification occurs from extreme tidal forces near the singularity.